{"id":14245,"date":"2019-08-27T16:45:58","date_gmt":"2019-08-27T13:45:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/aluksne.lv\/?p=14245"},"modified":"2019-08-27T16:45:58","modified_gmt":"2019-08-27T13:45:58","slug":"par-spanijas-kailgliemeza-izplatibas-ierobezosanu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/aluksne.lv\/index.php\/2019\/08\/27\/par-spanijas-kailgliemeza-izplatibas-ierobezosanu\/","title":{"rendered":"Par Sp\u0101nijas kailglieme\u017ea izplat\u012bbas ierobe\u017eo\u0161anu"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-14246 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/aluksne.lv\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/arion-lusitanicus-spanijas-kailgliemezis-47846725.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"441\" height=\"231\" data-id=\"14246\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aluksne.lv\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/arion-lusitanicus-spanijas-kailgliemezis-47846725.jpg 995w, https:\/\/aluksne.lv\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/arion-lusitanicus-spanijas-kailgliemezis-47846725-300x157.jpg 300w, https:\/\/aluksne.lv\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/arion-lusitanicus-spanijas-kailgliemezis-47846725-768x402.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 441px) 100vw, 441px\" \/>Dabas aizsardz\u012bbas p\u0101rvalde p\u0113d\u0113j\u0101 gada laik\u0101 sa\u0146em regul\u0101rus da\u017e\u0101du Latvijas pa\u0161vald\u012bbu iedz\u012bvot\u0101ju zi\u0146ojumus un s\u016bdz\u012bbas par Sp\u0101nijas kailgliemezi <em>Arion vulgaris<\/em>. Glieme\u017ei nereti tiek konstat\u0113ti liel\u0101 skait\u0101 un tie nodara iev\u0113rojamus post\u012bjumus\u00a0 d\u0101rzu \u012bpa\u0161niekiem.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Sp\u0101nijas kailgliemezis ir ierindots Eiropas simts visinvaz\u012bv\u0101ko dz\u012bvnieku sarakst\u0101. Kop\u0161 2009.gada \u0161\u012b suga ir sastopama ar\u012b Latvijas teritorij\u0101 un \u0161obr\u012bd ir konstat\u0113tas un apstiprin\u0101tas vair\u0101k k\u0101 60 sugas atradnes, kuras lokaliz\u0113jas galvenok\u0101rt Latvijas centr\u0101laj\u0101 da\u013c\u0101. Dab\u0101 Sp\u0101nijas kailgliemezi var atpaz\u012bt p\u0113c vair\u0101k\u0101m paz\u012bm\u0113m: bezmugurkaulnieks ir no 7 cm l\u012bdz 14 cm gar\u0161; \u0137ermenis ir plats un nedaudz saplacin\u0101ts; kr\u0101sa vari\u0113 no br\u016bngani pel\u0113kza\u013cai l\u012bdz oran\u017eai; p\u0113da ir balta vai pel\u0113c\u012bga un to kl\u0101j g\u013cotas; uz \u0137erme\u0146a virsmas ir labi saskat\u0101mi izciln\u012b\u0161i. Tas labpr\u0101t uzturas mitr\u0101s viet\u0101s un ir nov\u0113rojams no r\u012bta, vakaros, nakt\u012bs un lietus laik\u0101. \u0100r\u0113ji Sp\u0101nijas kailgliemezis <em>Arion vulgaris<\/em> ir \u013coti l\u012bdz\u012bgs sarkanajam kailgliemezim <em>Arion rufus<\/em>, kas ir sastopams Latvijas dienvidrietumos: Emb\u016bt\u0113\u00a0 un pie Liep\u0101jas ezera. Min\u0113t\u0101 iemesla d\u0113\u013c s\u0101kum\u0101 eksperti prec\u012bzi nosaka kailglieme\u017ea sugu un tikai tad tiek apstiprin\u0101ta jauna atradne.<\/p>\n<p>Sugas ietekme var izpausties da\u017e\u0101di, un t\u0101 ir j\u0101v\u0113rt\u0113 kompleksi, neaprobe\u017eojoties vien\u012bgi ar tie\u0161u kailglieme\u017eu ietekmi uz dabiskaj\u0101m ekosist\u0113m\u0101m, piem\u0113ram, savairojoties liel\u0101 skait\u0101, kailglieme\u017ei var apdraud\u0113t viet\u0113j\u0101s augu sugas gan ap\u0113dot t\u0101s, gan p\u0101rn\u0113s\u0101jot da\u017e\u0101dus augu patog\u0113nus. T\u0101pat Sp\u0101nijas kailgliemezis izkonkur\u0113 un barojas ar cit\u0101m bezmugurkaulnieku sug\u0101m, piem\u0113ram, glieme\u017eiem un sliek\u0101m. Dabiskos biotopos suga apdraud viet\u0113j\u0101s glieme\u017eu sabiedr\u012bbas. Ir nov\u0113rota krusto\u0161an\u0101s ar tuv\u0101k radniec\u012bgaj\u0101m <em>Arion<\/em> \u0123ints kailglieme\u017eu sug\u0101m, k\u0101 rezult\u0101t\u0101 t\u0101s asimil\u0113jas un izz\u016bd. Suga var izplat\u012bt jaunas paraz\u012btu un patog\u0113nu sugas, kas ar glieme\u017eiem tiek ievestas no citiem re\u0123ioniem. Latvij\u0101 apdraud\u0113t\u0101kie dabiskie biotopi ir platlapju me\u017ei, gravu nog\u0101\u017eu me\u017ei, me\u017eain\u0101s k\u0101pas un z\u0101l\u0101ju biotopi.<\/p>\n<p>Latvij\u0101 nav zi\u0146u par Sp\u0101nijas kailglieme\u017ea ietekmi uz cilv\u0113ka un dz\u012bvnieku vesel\u012bbu, ta\u010du zin\u0101tniskaj\u0101 literat\u016br\u0101 nor\u0101d\u012bts, ka \u0161ie kailglieme\u017ei: var p\u0101rn\u0113s\u0101t <em>Escherichia coli<\/em> bakt\u0113rijas; ir starpsaimnieki vair\u0101k\u0101m paraz\u012btu sug\u0101m, kas invad\u0113 su\u0146u dzimtas dz\u012bvniekus; starpsaimnieki paraz\u012btiskajai nemato\u017eu sugai <em>Aelurostrongylus abstrusus<\/em>, kuras definit\u012bvais saimnieks ir ka\u0137is; za\u013cbar\u012bbas pies\u0101r\u0146ojums ar glieme\u017eiem var palielin\u0101t m\u0101jlopu risku saslimt ar botulismu, ko ierosina <em>Clostridium botulinum<\/em> bakt\u0113rijas, kas dz\u012bvo augsn\u0113 un var non\u0101kt kontakt\u0101 ar glieme\u017eiem.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0Glieme\u017eu savairo\u0161an\u0101s gad\u012bjum\u0101 lauksaimnieki ir spiesti izmantot da\u017e\u0101dus \u0137\u012bmiskos ierobe\u017eo\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cus, kas rezult\u0113jas ar netie\u0161u kailglieme\u017eu ietekmi uz vides kvalit\u0101ti vai produkcijas kvalit\u0101ti un pa\u0161izmaksu. Jau \u0161obr\u012bd suga netie\u0161i ietekm\u0113 pagaid\u0101m nelielas da\u013cas iedz\u012bvot\u0101ju dz\u012bves kvalit\u0101ti, savuk\u0101rt masveida savairo\u0161an\u0101s gad\u012bjum\u0101, suga netie\u0161i var ietekm\u0113t ekosist\u0113mu pakalpojumu kvalit\u0101ti, samazin\u0101t uz\u0146\u0113m\u0113ju ien\u0101kumus, zemes un \u012bpa\u0161umu v\u0113rt\u012bbu.<\/p>\n<p>Latvijas teritorij\u0101 kait\u0113klis galvenok\u0101rt tiek ievaz\u0101ts ar st\u0101diem, pie kuru sakn\u0113m atrodas glieme\u017ea oli\u0146as. L\u012bdz ar st\u0101da iest\u0101d\u012b\u0161anu gliemezis veiksm\u012bgi iedz\u012bvojas d\u0101rzos un caur ce\u013cmal\u0101m, gr\u0101vmal\u0101m un \u016bdenstilpju piekrast\u0113m izplat\u0101s gan kaimi\u0146u d\u0101rzos, gan ar\u012b dabisk\u0101s teritorij\u0101s. T\u0101p\u0113c ir svar\u012bgi saprast, ka Sp\u0101nijas kailglieme\u017ea izplat\u012bbas ierobe\u017eo\u0161an\u0101 b\u016btu j\u0101iesaist\u0101s visu invad\u0113to teritoriju \u012bpa\u0161niekiem. T\u0101 k\u0101 Sp\u0101nijas kailgliemezis visintens\u012bv\u0101k olas d\u0113j no augusta l\u012bdz septembrim, ir j\u0101cen\u0161as pan\u0101kt, lai p\u0113c iesp\u0113jas maz\u0101ks glieme\u017eu skaits sasniegtu olu d\u0113\u0161anas vecumu un izd\u0113tu olas. Viena d\u0113juma olas ir vienkopus un vien\u0101 d\u0113jum\u0101 var b\u016bt pat vair\u0101k nek\u0101 250 olu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0145emot v\u0113r\u0101 augst\u0101k min\u0113to Dabas aizsardz\u012bbas p\u0101rvalde aicina inform\u0113t pa\u0161vald\u012bbas iedz\u012bvot\u0101jus par Sp\u0101nijas kailglieme\u017ea iesp\u0113jamo ietekmi un r\u012bc\u012bbu t\u0101 izplat\u012bbas ierobe\u017eo\u0161an\u0101, k\u0101 ar\u012b zi\u0146ot par jauniem atrad\u0146u gad\u012bjumiem, rakstot uz epastu <a href=\"mailto:santa.rutkovska@daba.gov.lv\">santa.rutkovska@daba.gov.lv<\/a> un <a href=\"mailto:iveta.jakubane@llkc.lv\">iveta.jakubane@llkc.lv<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Ja Sp\u0101nijas kailglieme\u017eu atradne ir apstiprin\u0101ta, Dabas aizsardz\u012bbas p\u0101rvalde aicina rast iesp\u0113jas veikt Sp\u0101nijas kailglieme\u017ea izplat\u012bbas ierobe\u017eo\u0161anas pas\u0101kumus, piem\u0113ram:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>visefekt\u012bv\u0101k\u0101 metode ir nolas\u012bt ar rok\u0101m v\u0113lu vakar\u0101 kr\u0113slai iest\u0101joties vai agri no r\u012bta (kad kailglieme\u017ei ir akt\u012bvi) un izn\u012bcin\u0101t tos p\u0101r\u0161\u0137e\u013cot ar l\u0101pstas vai k\u0101da cita asa priek\u0161meta pal\u012bdz\u012bbu vai ievietojot uz vienu diennakti 10% v\u0101r\u0101m\u0101 s\u0101ls \u0161\u0137\u012bdum\u0101. Sp\u0101nijas kailgliemezis sav\u0101 bar\u012bb\u0101 izmanto ar\u012b beigtus vai savainotus savas sugas \u012bpat\u0146us. T\u0101p\u0113c beigtos glieme\u017eus var atst\u0101t citu \u012bpat\u0146u piesaist\u012b\u0161anai konkr\u0113t\u0101 viet\u0101, ta\u010du \u0161\u0101d\u0101 gad\u012bjum\u0101 konkr\u0113t\u0101 vieta j\u0101apseko atk\u0101rtoti. Ja kailglieme\u017ei tiek izn\u012bcin\u0101ti l\u012bdz j\u016blijam, beigtie indiv\u012bdi j\u0101aprok zem\u0113. Ja kailglieme\u017ei tiek izn\u012bcin\u0101ti august\u0101, septembr\u012b, lai nepie\u013cautu oli\u0146u non\u0101k\u0161anu vid\u0113 un to iz\u0161\u0137il\u0161anos, beigtie indiv\u012bdi ir j\u0101sadedzina vai j\u0101ievieto v\u0101r\u0101m\u0101 s\u0101ls \u0161\u0137\u012bdum\u0101;<\/li>\n<li>teritorij\u0101 var ier\u012bkot gliemju lamatas. Par lamat\u0101m var kalpot kastes, burkas, pudeles ar nogrieztu galu un taj\u0101s ievietotu pievilin\u0101t\u0101jvielu, piem\u0113ram, p\u016bsto\u0161i augi, su\u0146u un ka\u0137u m\u0101ksl\u012bg\u0101 bar\u012bbu, kombin\u0113t\u0101 lopbar\u012bba;<\/li>\n<li>teritorij\u0101 var ier\u012bkot sl\u012bcin\u0101\u0161anas slazdus &#8211; augsn\u0113 l\u012bdz augsnes virsk\u0101rtai ierok trauku, kur\u0101 ielej \u0161\u0137idrumu kop\u0101 ar pievilin\u0101t\u0101jvielu. Visbie\u017e\u0101k sl\u012bcin\u0101\u0161anas slazdos par pievilin\u0101t\u0101jvielu izmanto alu. Ja slazdos b\u016bs tikai t\u012brs \u016bdens, glieme\u017ei var \u0101tri no t\u0101 izl\u012bst \u0101r\u0101. T\u0101p\u0113c \u0161\u0137idrumam ir j\u0101satur vielas, kas veicina glieme\u017eu nosl\u012bk\u0161anu \u2014 1 % vara (vara sulf\u0101ts) vai 10 % v\u0101r\u0101m\u0101 s\u0101ls \u0161\u0137\u012bdums;<\/li>\n<li>\u0137\u012bmisk\u0101 ierobe\u017eo\u0161ana, izmantojot limac\u012bdus &#8211; izkaisot granulas viet\u0101s, kur tie nov\u0113roti visvair\u0101k. Tom\u0113r limac\u012bdu lieto\u0161an\u0101 j\u0101iev\u0113ro atbilsto\u0161ie lieto\u0161anas un uzglab\u0101\u0161anas noteikumi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ir j\u0101r\u0113\u0137in\u0101s, ka kailglieme\u017eu ierobe\u017eo\u0161ana ir darbietilp\u012bgs process, kas ir j\u0101veic katru gadu. T\u0101p\u0113c ir daudzi prevent\u012bvi pas\u0101kumi, kuru regul\u0101ra veik\u0161ana pal\u012bdz\u0113tu Sp\u0101nijas kailglieme\u017eu izplat\u012bbas ierobe\u017eo\u0161anai &#8211; regul\u0101ra ce\u013cmalu, gr\u0101vju malu, aizaugu\u0161u vietu p\u013cau\u0161ana glieme\u017ea invad\u0113to vietu tuvum\u0101. Nop\u013cauto z\u0101li ieteicams nov\u0101kt, lai gliemjiem neb\u016btu vietu kur pasl\u0113pties. \u0145emot v\u0113r\u0101, ka gliemjus piesaista ar\u012b komposta kaudzes, rekomend\u0113jama sl\u0113gta tipa komposta tvert\u0146u lieto\u0161ana, kas nepie\u013cauj gliemju iek\u013c\u016b\u0161anu vai izk\u013c\u016b\u0161anu no tvertnes.<\/p>\n<p>Papildus inform\u0101cijai aicin\u0101m iepaz\u012bties Dabas aizsardz\u012bbas p\u0101rvaldes m\u0101jaslap\u0101 pieejamo 2018. gad\u0101 izstr\u0101d\u0101to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.daba.gov.lv\/upload\/File\/zin_p\/ZIN_P_SIIP_18_Spanijas_kailgliemezis.pdf\">Sp\u0101nijas kailglieme\u017eu izplat\u012bbas ierobe\u017eo\u0161anas pl\u0101nu<\/a>, k\u0101 ar\u012b <a href=\"https:\/\/www.daba.gov.lv\/upload\/Image\/Ilustracijas\/INFOGRAF_INVAZ_Spanijas_kailgliemezis.jpg\">informat\u012bvo materi\u0101lu par Sp\u0101nijas kailgliemezi.<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dabas aizsardz\u012bbas p\u0101rvalde p\u0113d\u0113j\u0101 gada laik\u0101 sa\u0146em regul\u0101rus da\u017e\u0101du Latvijas pa\u0161vald\u012bbu iedz\u012bvot\u0101ju zi\u0146ojumus un s\u016bdz\u012bbas par Sp\u0101nijas kailgliemezi Arion vulgaris. Glieme\u017ei nereti tiek konstat\u0113ti liel\u0101 skait\u0101 un tie nodara iev\u0113rojamus post\u012bjumus\u00a0 d\u0101rzu \u012bpa\u0161niekiem. Sp\u0101nijas kailgliemezis ir ierindots Eiropas simts visinvaz\u012bv\u0101ko&#8230;<br \/><a class=\"read-more-button\" href=\"https:\/\/aluksne.lv\/index.php\/2019\/08\/27\/par-spanijas-kailgliemeza-izplatibas-ierobezosanu\/\">Las\u012bt visu<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14246,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14245","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noderiga-informacija"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/aluksne.lv\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14245","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/aluksne.lv\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/aluksne.lv\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aluksne.lv\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aluksne.lv\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14245"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/aluksne.lv\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14245\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aluksne.lv\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14246"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/aluksne.lv\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14245"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aluksne.lv\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14245"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aluksne.lv\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14245"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}