{"id":50580,"date":"2024-07-23T11:19:20","date_gmt":"2024-07-23T08:19:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aluksne.lv\/?p=50580"},"modified":"2024-07-23T11:19:20","modified_gmt":"2024-07-23T08:19:20","slug":"unesco-pasaules-mantojumam-objektam-aluksnes-novada-200-gadu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/aluksne.lv\/index.php\/2024\/07\/23\/unesco-pasaules-mantojumam-objektam-aluksnes-novada-200-gadu\/","title":{"rendered":"UNESCO Pasaules mantojumam objektam Al\u016bksnes novad\u0101 200 gadu"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3><strong>Str\u016bves loka punkt\u0101 Oppekaln b\u016bs Str\u016bves m\u0113r\u012bjumu rekonstrukcija<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-50581\" src=\"https:\/\/aluksne.lv\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/struve_FB-716x600.jpg\" alt=\"Str\u016bves loka 200 gadu pas\u0101kuma afi\u0161a\" width=\"716\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aluksne.lv\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/struve_FB-716x600.jpg 716w, https:\/\/aluksne.lv\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/struve_FB-768x644.jpg 768w, https:\/\/aluksne.lv\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/struve_FB.jpg 940w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 716px) 100vw, 716px\" \/>\u0160ogad aprit 200 gadi kop\u0161 m\u0113r\u012bjumu veik\u0161anas Str\u016bves \u0123eod\u0113ziskaj\u0101 lok\u0101, t\u0101d\u0113\u013c \u0161ovasar vair\u0101kos Str\u016bves loka punktos notiks svin\u012bgas aktivit\u0101tes. Viens no \u0161iem punktiem ir Oppekaln jeb Opekalns. 27. j\u016blij\u0101 pulksten 15.00 Jaunlaicenes mui\u017eas sv\u0113tku laik\u0101 sv\u0113tku ievada pas\u0101kum\u0101 pie Opekalna eva\u0146\u0123\u0113liski luterisk\u0101s bazn\u012bcas b\u016bs skat\u0101mi Str\u016bves m\u0113r\u012bjumu rekonstrukcija, ko r\u0101d\u012bs profesion\u0101\u013ci \u2013 Latvijas <\/strong><strong>\u0122eotelpisk\u0101s inform\u0101cijas a\u0123ent\u016bras speci\u0101listi.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong>Str\u016bves \u0123eod\u0113ziskais loks, saukts ar\u012b par Str\u016bves loku,\u00a0ir unik\u0101la 19. gs. \u0123eod\u0113zisko uzm\u0113r\u012bjumu sist\u0113ma zemes izm\u0113ru un formas noteik\u0161anai. 2005. gad\u0101 Str\u016bves loks iek\u013cauts UNESCO Pasaules mantojuma sarakst\u0101 k\u0101 unik\u0101la, sava laika gar\u0101k\u0101 un prec\u012bz\u0101k\u0101 \u0123eod\u0113zisko uzm\u0113r\u012bjumu sist\u0113ma, un izcila sava laika zin\u0101tnes v\u0113stures un tehnikas att\u012bst\u012bbas liec\u012bba.<\/p>\n<p><strong>T\u0101tad, Al\u016bksnes novad\u0101 ir UNESCO Pasaules mantojuma objekts un \u0161ovasar ikvienam ir iesp\u0113ja daudz tuv\u0101k izzin\u0101t nezin\u0101mo un iepaz\u012bt \u0161o unik\u0101lo un noz\u012bm\u012bgo zin\u0101tnes un tehnikas sasniegumu.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Latvijas teritorij\u0101 Fr\u012bdrihs Georgs Vilhelms un Karls Fr\u012bdrihs Tenners uzm\u0113r\u012bja kop\u0101 16 \u0123eod\u0113zisk\u0101 loka punktus &#8211; 11 no tiem ier\u012bkoja Str\u016bve, bet piecus &#8211; Tenners.<\/p>\n<p>Punkts Oppekaln (Opekalns) uzm\u0113r\u012bts no 6. l\u012bdz 9. augustam 1824. gad\u0101 pa\u0161a Str\u016bves vad\u012bb\u0101. No punkta Oppekaln (Opekalns) veikti nov\u0113rojumi uz \u010detriem citiem punktiem \u2013 diviem Latvijas teritorij\u0101: Kortenhof (K\u0101rtene) Gulbenes novad\u0101 un Palzmar (Palsmane) Smiltenes novad\u0101 un diviem Igaunijas teritorij\u0101: Mariomaggi un Lenard.<\/p>\n<p>Opekaln\u0101 Str\u016bves \u0123eod\u0113zisk\u0101 loka punkts ir Opekalna luter\u0101\u0146u bazn\u012bc\u0101. \u0160eit Str\u016bvem par uzm\u0113r\u012b\u0161anas z\u012bmi kalpoja bazn\u012bcas tor\u0146a regul\u0101r\u0101s piram\u012bdas smaile, kas balst\u012bj\u0101s uz asto\u0146\u0101m kolonn\u0101m. Kolonnas no apak\u0161as bija aptvertas ar marg\u0101m, kas t\u0101dej\u0101di veidoja skatu laukumu (galeriju). M\u0113r\u012bjumus nebija iesp\u0113jams veikt no bazn\u012bcas tor\u0146a skatu laukuma, t\u0101p\u0113c instruments bija novietots blakus bazn\u012bcai un sasaist\u012bts ar tor\u0146a centru. Instrumentam bija stingrs st\u0101vpunkts, kas atrad\u0101s uz Rietumiem no bazn\u012bcas, gandr\u012bz uz galven\u0101s ieejas atra\u0161an\u0101s vietas plaknes pagarin\u0101juma.<\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8211; \u0160\u012b ir unik\u0101la vieta, kur m\u016bsdien\u0101s var saskat\u012bt divus blakus eso\u0161os Str\u016bves loka punktus \u2013 no punkta Oppekaln var redz\u0113t punktu Kortenhof un otr\u0101di. Opekaln\u0101 p\u0113c Str\u016bves veiktaj\u0101m piez\u012bm\u0113m rekonstru\u0113sim m\u0113r\u012bjumu gaitu \u2013 viet\u0101, kur st\u0101v\u0113ja Str\u016bve, novietosim m\u016bsdienu \u0123eod\u0113zisk\u0101s m\u0113r\u012b\u0161anas instrumentu, uz zemes atliksim virzienus uz blakus eso\u0161ajiem punktiem Latvij\u0101 un Igaunij\u0101. Ikvienam pas\u0101kuma dal\u012bbniekam pa\u0161am b\u016bs iesp\u0113ja p\u0101rliecin\u0101ties, k\u0101 str\u0101d\u0101 m\u016bsdienu \u0123eod\u0113zijas instrumenti un p\u0101rbaud\u012bt, vai no Opekalna joproj\u0101m var saskat\u012bt punktu K\u0101rtenes kaln\u0101 Be\u013cav\u0101, &#8211; st\u0101sta Ivars Liepi\u0146\u0161, Latvijas \u0122eotelpisk\u0101s inform\u0101cijas a\u0123ent\u016bras \u0122eod\u0113zijas departamenta direktors.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Str\u016bves \u0123eod\u0113ziskais loks ir ar triangul\u0101cijas metodi uzm\u0113r\u012bta \u0123eod\u0113zisko punktu sist\u0113ma jeb trijst\u016bru \u0137\u0113de zemeslodes izm\u0113ru un formas noteik\u0161anai. Loks ir uzm\u0113r\u012bts laika period\u0101 no 1816. l\u012bdz 1855. gadam un aptuveni p\u0101rkl\u0101j 26\u00b0 meridi\u0101nu, no Hammerfestas Zieme\u013cnorv\u0113\u0123ij\u0101 caur T\u0113rbatu (Tartu) l\u012bdz Izmailas pils\u0113tai net\u0101lu no Donavas gr\u012bvas pie Meln\u0101s j\u016bras.<\/p>\n<p>Uz zemes virsmas meridi\u0101na loks tika nostiprin\u0101ts ar \u0123eod\u0113ziskajiem punktiem, l\u012bdz m\u016bsdien\u0101m saglab\u0101jusies tikai da\u013ca no tiem. Str\u016bves \u0123eod\u0113ziskais loks bija pirmais \u0161\u0101da veida meridi\u0101ns, kura uzm\u0113r\u012b\u0161anas laik\u0101 \u0161\u0137\u0113rsotas toreiz\u0113j\u0101s Krievijas Imp\u0113rijas un Zviedrijas Karalistes robe\u017eas.<\/p>\n<p>Str\u016bves \u0123eod\u0113ziskais loks sast\u0101v\u0113ja no 258 galvenajiem triangul\u0101cijas trijst\u016briem. Tika ier\u012bkotas 265 galven\u0101s stacijas un 60 pal\u012bgpunkti. Att\u0101lums starp stacij\u0101m bija 30-40 km. M\u0113r\u012bjumu precizit\u0101te bija augsta \u2013 Str\u016bves noteikt\u0101 precizit\u0101te bija 1\/232,390 (relat\u012bv\u0101 k\u013c\u016bda 1 : 232 390) uz 2822 km, kas ir 4 mm k\u013c\u016bda uz kilometru.<\/p>\n<p>Uzm\u0113r\u012b\u0161ana s\u0101k\u0101s no Tartu (T\u0113rbatas) observatorijas. Uzm\u0113r\u012bjumu idejas autors bija Str\u016bve, kas taj\u0101 laik\u0101 str\u0101d\u0101ja tagad\u0113j\u0101 Tartu Universit\u0101t\u0113, veicot da\u017e\u0101dus ar astronomiju un \u0123eod\u0113ziju saist\u012btus p\u0113t\u012bjumus. Savuk\u0101rt milit\u0101rais \u0123eod\u0113zists igaunis Tenners &#8211; \u0123eod\u0113zijas pamatlic\u0113js Krievij\u0101 &#8211; veica uzm\u0113r\u012bjumus Krievijas imp\u0113rijas Lietuvas un Kurzemes guber\u0146\u0101s. Abi tik\u0101s 1828. gad\u0101, lai nosl\u0113gtu vieno\u0161anos par divu neatkar\u012bgi uzm\u0113r\u012btu loku savieno\u0161anu un papla\u0161in\u0101\u0161anu Zieme\u013cu un Dienvidu virzien\u0101. Str\u016bve vad\u012bja \u0123eod\u0113zisko darbu norisi Zieme\u013cu virzien\u0101, savuk\u0101rt Tenners pats veica visus uzm\u0113r\u012bjumus l\u012bdz pat gal\u0113jam Dienvidu punktam Staro-Nekrassowka.<\/p>\n<p>\u0122eod\u0113zisk\u0101 t\u012bkla uzm\u0113r\u012b\u0161anai lietoja t\u0101 laika lab\u0101kos le\u0146\u0137u m\u0113r\u0101mos instrumentus. Str\u016bve person\u012bgi veica p\u0113t\u012bjumus par instrumentu un triangul\u0101cijas m\u0113r\u012bjumu k\u013c\u016bd\u0101m, uzlaboja b\u0101zes m\u0113r\u012b\u0161anas apar\u0101ta konstrukciju un izmantoja jaunu atk\u0101rtotu pa\u0146\u0113mienu metodi horizont\u0101lo le\u0146\u0137u m\u0113r\u012b\u0161anai, ko v\u0113l\u0101k \u0123eod\u0113zisti pla\u0161i izmantoja praks\u0113 l\u012bdz 20. gadsimta pirmajai pusei. \u0122eod\u0113zisk\u0101 loka m\u0113r\u012bjumos ieg\u016btie rezult\u0101ti p\u0101rliecino\u0161i pier\u0101d\u012bja izveidot\u0101 \u0123eod\u0113zisk\u0101 t\u012bkla augsto precizit\u0101ti. Str\u016bves \u0123eod\u0113zisk\u0101 loka uzm\u0113r\u012b\u0161anai bija gan zin\u0101tniskais, gan praktiskais m\u0113r\u0137is. Zin\u0101tniskais m\u0113r\u0137is virz\u012bja Str\u016bvi, kur\u0161 v\u0113l\u0113j\u0101s preciz\u0113t zemes saplakumu polu virzien\u0101 atbilsto\u0161i \u0145\u016btona teorijai. Savuk\u0101rt Tenneru virz\u012bja praktiskais m\u0113r\u0137is veikt m\u0113r\u012bjumus un ieg\u016bt datus, lai var\u0113tu veikt Krievijas Imp\u0113rijas Eiropas da\u013cas kart\u0113\u0161anu.<\/p>\n<p><em>Publik\u0101cija sagatavota p\u0113c Latvijas \u0122eotelpisk\u0101s a\u0123ent\u016bras inform\u0101cijas un P\u0101rvald\u012bbas pl\u0101na 2018.-2023. gadam Str\u016bves \u0123eod\u0113zisk\u0101 loka punktiem.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Evita Aploka,<\/p>\n<p>Al\u016bksnes novada pa\u0161vald\u012bbas Centr\u0101l\u0101s administr\u0101cijas<\/p>\n<p>sabiedrisko attiec\u012bbu speci\u0101liste<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Str\u016bves loka punkt\u0101 Oppekaln b\u016bs Str\u016bves m\u0113r\u012bjumu rekonstrukcija &nbsp; \u0160ogad aprit 200 gadi kop\u0161 m\u0113r\u012bjumu veik\u0161anas Str\u016bves \u0123eod\u0113ziskaj\u0101 lok\u0101, t\u0101d\u0113\u013c \u0161ovasar vair\u0101kos Str\u016bves loka punktos notiks svin\u012bgas aktivit\u0101tes. Viens no \u0161iem punktiem ir Oppekaln jeb Opekalns. 27. j\u016blij\u0101 pulksten 15.00&#8230;<br \/><a class=\"read-more-button\" href=\"https:\/\/aluksne.lv\/index.php\/2024\/07\/23\/unesco-pasaules-mantojumam-objektam-aluksnes-novada-200-gadu\/\">Las\u012bt visu<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":50581,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-50580","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noderiga-informacija"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/aluksne.lv\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50580","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/aluksne.lv\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/aluksne.lv\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aluksne.lv\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aluksne.lv\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=50580"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/aluksne.lv\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50580\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aluksne.lv\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/50581"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/aluksne.lv\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=50580"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aluksne.lv\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=50580"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aluksne.lv\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=50580"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}